Abstract

A study of changing trends in obstructive airway diseases & associated co-morbidities

Author(s):Shilpa P. Karande, S. J. Pednekar, S. T.Nabar, Peter Tayeng and Vasanthi I.

Obstructive airway diseases (OAD), includes diseases characterized by increased resistance to airflow as a result of airway obstruction or airway narrowing. Types of obstructive lung diseases are asthma, COPD, bronchiectasis, obliterative bronchiolitis (OB). AIM: To study the prevalence of various obstructive airway diseases and its associated co morbidities, especially in general medical OPD.A cross sectional study was conducted at the medicine OPD ofa tertiary care centre on 100 consecutive patients of OAD. Detailed clinical history& examination of patients presenting with lower respiratory symptoms for longer duration was done along with relevant investigations. The final diagnosis was made as per history, clinical examination and investigation findings. Analysis was done by SPSS software ver.17. Out of the 100 patients of chronic airflow diseases, 43% had Bronchial asthma, while 15% and 36% had OB and COPD. COPD and bronchiectasis patients were associated with low BMI while patients with Asthma had relatively higher BMI. Most of the BA patients had mild functional impairment on spirometry while OB and COPD patients had moderate to severe obstruction. Majority of COPD and OB patients had moderate PHT on 2 D echo. Hypertension was the most common associated co-morbidity followed by DM. Most common disease presenting asOAD was Bronchial Asthma but it had least functional impairment, followed by OB, having moderate to severe obstruction and moderate Pulmonary HT. Post-TB OB has emerged as an important contributor of OAD, and it should be strongly considered in obstructive diseases patient with history of TB.

• PDF