Abstract

ADVERSE MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Author(s):Ambarisha Bhandiwad, Divyasree B, Surakshith L Gowda

Introduction: Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for many other health concerns with short and long-term implications for both mother and child. They are at higher risk for glucosemediated macrosomia, hypertension, birth trauma, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia with increased neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions. Postpartum complications include obesity and impaired glucose tolerance in the offspring and diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the mothers. Objectives: To study the incidence of maternal and fetal co-morbidities associated with GDM. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study where cases with GDM were analyzed for maternal and fetal complications. Results: 189 cases were detected to be Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, out of which 63.49% cases developed co-morbidities with GDM. 11.11% cases developed preeclampsia, 9.52% had polyhydramnios, 5.8% patients went into preterm labour, 3 cases had Antepartum Haemorrhage and one case had Postpartum Haemorrhage. 19.57% cases developed macrosomia, hypoglycemia was seen in 7.40% babies and hyperbilirubinemia in 3.70% babies. 6 Intra Uterine Deaths and 2 still borns were documented. Conclusion: GDM is a condition which is worth monitoring and treating, since it has been demonstrated that good metabolic control maintained throughout gestation can reduce maternal and fetal complications.

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