Abstract

Insight into COVID-19 available Vaccines Authorised for Emergency Use

In December of 2019, SARS-CoV2, a member of the coronavirus family, started to spread rapidly worldwide. The pandemic known as COVID-19 has resulted in mortality from respiratory disorders in 2,413,912 people to date, according to the World Health Organization. It has also necessitated hospitalization and intensive care for many people around the world, exceeding the capacity of hospitals. The rapid transmission of this virus is an important characteristic that requires individuals to take strict precautions to protect themselves. To date, there is no known treatment for COVID-19, but pharmaceutical companies, collaborating with scientists, have expended huge effort toward developing effective vaccines to prevent this newly emerging coronavirus. Because traditional vaccine development required long periods, genome and vector-based vaccines have helped accelerate this process. From hundreds of candidate vaccines that started undergoing preclinical and clinical trials, 3 have reached the final stage of requesting emergency authorization use from the World Health Organization: the Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna, and AstraZeneca vaccines and other vaccines had national approval by their countries including Sinovac, Sputnik V, CanSinoBio, Bektop, Sinopharm, and Covaxin.  A summary of these candidate vaccines is offered in this review.

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