Abstract

Evaluating Prognostic Factors and Long-Term Outcomes in Pyelonephritis: A Comprehensive Case Series Study

Author(s):Pavan Kumar Yanamadala*, Praveen Sana, Hepzibah Rani Gidla, Tejaswini Tirumani and Bhargavi Lakshmi Vadagana

Introduction: Pyelonephritis is a severe bacterial infection of kidney parenchyma, often leading to kidney scarring and is potentially life-threatening. Objective: The study was aimed at assessing the clinical profile, prognostic factors and the 6-month outcome of patients with pyelonephritis.

Materials and methods: This observational study involved qualitative and quantitative approaches to analyze various factors. The qualitative section includes those related to the antibiotics prescribed, symptoms, risk factors and other demographic details, among which the latter two were approached quantitatively.

Results: Ten patients who were randomly selected were involved in the study. The mean age of the study group was 52.0 ± 8.628 years. Out of 10 subjects, 5 were males and 5 were females. Most of the subjects with Pyelonephritis suffered from symptoms like pain (90%), pyrexia (80%) and dysuria (70%). In our study, we had 20% subjects with shock, 70% with sepsis and 20% with disseminated intravascular coagulation. In all 10 out of 10 cases, type II diabetes mellitus was present. Among these cases, four showed unilateral involvement while six showed bilateral involvement. The most frequently cultured organism was Candida, accounting for 30% of cases, followed by E. coli at 20%. Eight cases underwent DJ stent and one case had percutaneous nephrostomy. One subject with advanced disease expired. Antibiotics are irreplaceable drugs in the management of pyelonephritis. All the patients were treated with IV antibiotics and 8 out of 10 subjects underwent surgical interventions.

Conclusion: It is important to consider the possibility of pyelonephritis in both male and female patients with diabetes, especially those who are unwell. Early detection and proper treatment, including medical and surgical interventions, are essential for effective management of the condition.

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